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Quiz Chapter 2: Pressure

10 questions · Form 5 Physics Bab 2: Pressure

Question 1 of 10Score: 0

In a hydraulic jack, a force of 40 N is applied to a small input piston of area 0.02 m². What force is exerted by the large output piston of area 0.5 m²?

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. In a hydraulic jack, a force of 40 N is applied to a small input piston of area 0.02 m². What force is exerted by the large output piston of area 0.5 m²?

  1. 1000 N
  2. 100 N
  3. 1.6 N
  4. 2000 N
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Answer: A

By Pascal's Principle, F1 / A1 = F2 / A2 => 400.02 = F2 / 0.5 => 2000 = F2 / 0.5 => F2 = 1000 N.

2. If a hydraulic brake pedal force of 50 N produces a fluid pressure of 250 kPa, what is the area of the master cylinder piston?

  1. 0.0002 m²
  2. 0.005 m²
  3. 5.0 m²
  4. 0.20 m²
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Answer: A

P = FA => 250,000 Pa = 50 N / A => A = 50250,000 = 0.0002 m².

3. A hydrometer is used to measure:

  1. Atmospheric pressure at different altitudes
  2. Gas pressure inside a sealed container
  3. Relative density of liquids based on flotation depth
  4. Flow velocity of liquids in pipes
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Answer: C

A hydrometer floats deeper in liquids of lower density and shallower in denser liquids, measuring relative liquid density.

4. In a hydraulic system, if the input piston moves down by a distance of 15 cm, how far does the output piston move up if its cross-sectional area is 5 times larger than the input piston?

  1. 75 cm
  2. 3 cm
  3. 15 cm
  4. 5 cm
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Answer: B

By conservation of energy / volume displacement: A1 × d1 = A2 × d2 => A1 × 15 = (5 A1) × d2 => d2 = 155 = 3 cm.

5. A diver descends to a depth of 15 m in seawater of density 1025 kg m⁻³. What is the liquid pressure experienced by the diver due to seawater alone? (Take g = 9.81 m s⁻²)

  1. 150,922 Pa
  2. 252,222 Pa
  3. 15,375 Pa
  4. 100,562 Pa
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Answer: A

Liquid pressure P = h ρ g = 15 × 1025 × 9.81 = 150,922.5 Pa ≈ 150,922 Pa.

6. A mercury barometer reads a height of 76 cmHg. What is this atmospheric pressure value in Pascals? (Density of mercury = 13,600 kg m⁻³, g = 9.81 m s⁻²)

  1. 101,396 Pa
  2. 76,000 Pa
  3. 133,416 Pa
  4. 10,140 Pa
Show answer

Answer: A

P = h ρ g = 0.76 m × 13,600 kg m⁻³ × 9.81 m s⁻² = 101,396.16 Pa ≈ 101,396 Pa.

7. Which factor does NOT affect the liquid pressure at the bottom of a container filled with water?

  1. Density of the water
  2. Depth of the water column
  3. Surface area of the base of the container
  4. Acceleration due to gravity
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Answer: C

From P = h ρ g, liquid pressure depends on depth, density, and gravity, but is completely independent of base area or container shape.

8. Why is oil used instead of air as the working fluid in hydraulic systems?

  1. Oil is highly compressible.
  2. Oil is virtually incompressible, allowing efficient and immediate pressure transmission.
  3. Oil reduces the weight of the pistons.
  4. Oil increases atmospheric pressure inside the hydraulic lines.
Show answer

Answer: B

Hydraulic fluids must be incompressible so that applied pressure is transmitted directly and completely without loss to fluid volume change.

9. Two ping-pong balls are suspended close to each other on strings. When air is blown rapidly into the gap between them, what happens?

  1. The balls move away from each other.
  2. The balls are pulled together toward each other.
  3. The balls spin rapidly in place without moving horizontally.
  4. One ball moves up while the other moves down.
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Answer: B

Fast-moving air in the gap creates a low-pressure region (Bernoulli's Principle). Higher atmospheric pressure outside pushes the balls together.

10. How does a submarine submerge deeper under water?

  1. By pumping water out of its ballast tanks
  2. By flooding its ballast tanks with sea water to increase total weight
  3. By increasing the speed of its engine propeller
  4. By reducing the overall density of the ballast air
Show answer

Answer: B

Flooding ballast tanks increases the total weight of the submarine until weight exceeds buoyant force, allowing it to sink.

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